Details
Material hierarchy: Metal - Ferrous metal - Steel
Steel can be defined as an iron-carbon alloy containing 0.02%−2.11% carbon. It is the most important category within the ferrous metal group. Its composition often includes other alloying elements as well, such as manganese, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum, to enhance the properties of the metal. Applications of steel include construction (e.g., bridges, I-beams, and nails), transportation (trucks, rails, and rolling stock for railroads), and consumer products (automobiles and appliances).
Steel is produced by refining (purifying) iron and alloying it with other metals.
Steel may be considered the refined product of iron.
All kinds of steel can be grouped as (1) carbon steel, (2) alloy steel, (3) stainless steel, or (4) tool steel.