Hydrogen Blistering


Hydrogen blistering is caused by bubbling of a metal surface due to absorbed hydrogen. Monatomic hydrogen can diffuse through metals, whereas diatomic hydrogen cannot. Ionic hydrogen generated by chemical processes (such as electrolysis or corrosion) can form monatomic hydrogen at a metal surface. This hydrogen can diffuse through the metal and combine on the far side of the metal forming diatomic hydrogen. The diffusion hydrogen also can combine in voids in the metal. Pressure within the void increases until the void actually grows (visibly apparent as a blister) and ultimately ruptures, leading to mechanical failure. Hydrogen blistering may be considered a type of corrosion.