Air Pressure and Ideal Gas Equation


Problem
A car's tire is filled to 33 lbf/in2 at sea level. The volume is 2.5 ft3 and the temperature is 22°C.

Estimate total weight of air in the tire in lbf.


Solution

The ideal gas equation relates temperature, pressure, and volume, so you should immediately be thinking of that.

The end result, the weight of the tire, is a force. What is force? Mass times acceleration. Acceleration is the acceleration due to gravity. Therefore, the mass is required to complete the solution. The mass is found using a form of the ideal gas equation:

PV = mRT

rearranging,

m =
PV
RT

Pressure
The pressure given in the statement is the gage pressure – the absolute pressure is the value needed for the ideal gas equation.

The standard atmospheric pressure = 14.7 lbf / in2, so the absolute pressure is:

Pabs = 33 lbf/in2 + 14.7 lbf/in2 = 47.7 lbf/in2

Gas Constant
There are values for R in terms of lbm (click here) but lbm must be converted into units of lbf. For more info about this click here. The slug is a unit of mass that takes into account lbf.

The value of R for air is then:

R = 1716
ft*lbf
slug*R

Temperature
For temperature it is simple unit conversion. Convert °C to °F then to R.

22°C     ⇒     (9/5)*22°C + 32 = 71.6°F     ⇒     71.6°F + 459.69 = 531.29 R

Mass Calculation
It is important when calculations start to involve a big jumble of units to write them all down to make sure they cancel out. Using the modified form of the ideal gas law equation from above:

m =
(
47.7 lbf
in2
) * (
2.5 ft3
1
) * (
12 in
ft
) * (
12 in
ft
)
(
1716 ft*lbf
slug*R
) * (
slug*ft
lbf*s2
) * (
531.29 R
1
)
= 0.01884
lbf
ft / s2

You can PrntScrn, paste into MSPaint, and see that all the units cancel out besides

lbf
ft / s2

which is mass.

Final Answer
Now that mass and gravitational acceleration are known, the weight of the air can easily be found:

Wair = (0.01884)*(32.174) = 0.606 lbf

Wair = 0.606 lbf